Use time64 implementation by Michael G Schwern to extend allowed date/time range

The main benefit of this is to allow date/time values outside of the 32bit time_t
range which is very important on 32bit platforms. But there are also some other
issues that will be fixed with this, for example on macOS, mktime() will not work
for dates < 1902 despite time_t being 64bit.

In the same run this commit will also use a reentrant version of gmtime64_r that
should help in multithreaded scenarios.

Original code taken from: https://github.com/evalEmpire/y2038

1 files changed, 836 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/time64.c b/src/time64.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f82e39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/time64.c
@@ -0,0 +1,836 @@
+/* 
+
+Copyright (c) 2007-2010  Michael G Schwern
+
+This software originally derived from Paul Sheer's pivotal_gmtime_r.c.
+
+The MIT License:
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+THE SOFTWARE.
+
+*/
+
+/*
+
+Programmers who have available to them 64-bit time values as a 'long
+long' type can use localtime64_r() and gmtime64_r() which correctly
+converts the time even on 32-bit systems. Whether you have 64-bit time 
+values will depend on the operating system.
+
+localtime64_r() is a 64-bit equivalent of localtime_r().
+
+gmtime64_r() is a 64-bit equivalent of gmtime_r().
+
+*/
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include "time64.h"
+#include "time64_limits.h"
+
+
+/* Spec says except for stftime() and the _r() functions, these
+   all return static memory.  Stabbings! */
+static struct TM   Static_Return_Date;
+static char        Static_Return_String[35];
+
+static const char days_in_month[2][12] = {
+    {31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31},
+    {31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31},
+};
+
+static const short julian_days_by_month[2][12] = {
+    {0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334},
+    {0, 31, 60, 91, 121, 152, 182, 213, 244, 274, 305, 335},
+};
+
+static char wday_name[7][4] = {
+    "Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"
+};
+
+static char mon_name[12][4] = {
+    "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun",
+    "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"
+};
+
+static const short length_of_year[2] = { 365, 366 };
+
+/* Some numbers relating to the gregorian cycle */
+static const Year     years_in_gregorian_cycle   = 400;
+#define               days_in_gregorian_cycle      ((365 * 400) + 100 - 4 + 1)
+static const Time64_T seconds_in_gregorian_cycle = days_in_gregorian_cycle * 60LL * 60LL * 24LL;
+
+/* Year range we can trust the time funcitons with */
+#define MAX_SAFE_YEAR 2037
+#define MIN_SAFE_YEAR 1971
+
+/* 28 year Julian calendar cycle */
+#define SOLAR_CYCLE_LENGTH 28
+
+/* Year cycle from MAX_SAFE_YEAR down. */
+static const short safe_years_high[SOLAR_CYCLE_LENGTH] = {
+    2016, 2017, 2018, 2019,
+    2020, 2021, 2022, 2023,
+    2024, 2025, 2026, 2027,
+    2028, 2029, 2030, 2031,
+    2032, 2033, 2034, 2035,
+    2036, 2037, 2010, 2011,
+    2012, 2013, 2014, 2015
+};
+
+/* Year cycle from MIN_SAFE_YEAR up */
+static const int safe_years_low[SOLAR_CYCLE_LENGTH] = {
+    1996, 1997, 1998, 1971,
+    1972, 1973, 1974, 1975,
+    1976, 1977, 1978, 1979,
+    1980, 1981, 1982, 1983,
+    1984, 1985, 1986, 1987,
+    1988, 1989, 1990, 1991,
+    1992, 1993, 1994, 1995,
+};
+
+/* This isn't used, but it's handy to look at */
+#if 0
+static const char dow_year_start[SOLAR_CYCLE_LENGTH] = {
+    5, 0, 1, 2,     /* 0       2016 - 2019 */
+    3, 5, 6, 0,     /* 4  */
+    1, 3, 4, 5,     /* 8       1996 - 1998, 1971*/
+    6, 1, 2, 3,     /* 12      1972 - 1975 */
+    4, 6, 0, 1,     /* 16 */
+    2, 4, 5, 6,     /* 20      2036, 2037, 2010, 2011 */
+    0, 2, 3, 4      /* 24      2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 */
+};
+#endif
+
+/* Let's assume people are going to be looking for dates in the future.
+   Let's provide some cheats so you can skip ahead.
+   This has a 4x speed boost when near 2008.
+*/
+/* Number of days since epoch on Jan 1st, 2008 GMT */
+#define CHEAT_DAYS  (1199145600 / 24 / 60 / 60)
+#define CHEAT_YEARS 108
+
+#define IS_LEAP(n)      ((!(((n) + 1900) % 400) || (!(((n) + 1900) % 4) && (((n) + 1900) % 100))) != 0)
+#define WRAP(a,b,m)     ((a) = ((a) <  0  ) ? ((b)--, (a) + (m)) : (a))
+
+#ifdef USE_SYSTEM_LOCALTIME
+#    define SHOULD_USE_SYSTEM_LOCALTIME(a)  (       \
+    (a) <= SYSTEM_LOCALTIME_MAX &&              \
+    (a) >= SYSTEM_LOCALTIME_MIN                 \
+)
+#else
+#    define SHOULD_USE_SYSTEM_LOCALTIME(a)      (0)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef USE_SYSTEM_GMTIME
+#    define SHOULD_USE_SYSTEM_GMTIME(a)     (       \
+    (a) <= SYSTEM_GMTIME_MAX    &&              \
+    (a) >= SYSTEM_GMTIME_MIN                    \
+)
+#else
+#    define SHOULD_USE_SYSTEM_GMTIME(a)         (0)
+#endif
+
+/* Multi varadic macros are a C99 thing, alas */
+#ifdef TIME_64_DEBUG
+#    define TIME64_TRACE(format) (fprintf(stderr, format))
+#    define TIME64_TRACE1(format, var1)    (fprintf(stderr, format, var1))
+#    define TIME64_TRACE2(format, var1, var2)    (fprintf(stderr, format, var1, var2))
+#    define TIME64_TRACE3(format, var1, var2, var3)    (fprintf(stderr, format, var1, var2, var3))
+#else
+#    define TIME64_TRACE(format) ((void)0)
+#    define TIME64_TRACE1(format, var1) ((void)0)
+#    define TIME64_TRACE2(format, var1, var2) ((void)0)
+#    define TIME64_TRACE3(format, var1, var2, var3) ((void)0)
+#endif
+
+
+static int is_exception_century(Year year)
+{
+    int is_exception = ((year % 100 == 0) && !(year % 400 == 0));
+    TIME64_TRACE1("# is_exception_century: %s\n", is_exception ? "yes" : "no");
+
+    return(is_exception);
+}
+
+
+/* Compare two dates.
+   The result is like cmp.
+   Ignores things like gmtoffset and dst
+*/
+static int cmp_date( const struct TM* left, const struct tm* right ) {
+    if( left->tm_year > right->tm_year )
+        return 1;
+    else if( left->tm_year < right->tm_year )
+        return -1;
+
+    if( left->tm_mon > right->tm_mon )
+        return 1;
+    else if( left->tm_mon < right->tm_mon )
+        return -1;
+
+    if( left->tm_mday > right->tm_mday )
+        return 1;
+    else if( left->tm_mday < right->tm_mday )
+        return -1;
+
+    if( left->tm_hour > right->tm_hour )
+        return 1;
+    else if( left->tm_hour < right->tm_hour )
+        return -1;
+
+    if( left->tm_min > right->tm_min )
+        return 1;
+    else if( left->tm_min < right->tm_min )
+        return -1;
+
+    if( left->tm_sec > right->tm_sec )
+        return 1;
+    else if( left->tm_sec < right->tm_sec )
+        return -1;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+/* Check if a date is safely inside a range.
+   The intention is to check if its a few days inside.
+*/
+static int date_in_safe_range( const struct TM* date, const struct tm* min, const struct tm* max ) {
+    if( cmp_date(date, min) == -1 )
+        return 0;
+
+    if( cmp_date(date, max) == 1 )
+        return 0;
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+/* timegm() is not in the C or POSIX spec, but it is such a useful
+   extension I would be remiss in leaving it out.  Also I need it
+   for localtime64()
+*/
+Time64_T timegm64(const struct TM *date) {
+    Time64_T days    = 0;
+    Time64_T seconds = 0;
+    Year     year;
+    Year     orig_year = (Year)date->tm_year;
+    int      cycles  = 0;
+
+    if( orig_year > 100 ) {
+        cycles = (orig_year - 100) / 400;
+        orig_year -= cycles * 400;
+        days      += (Time64_T)cycles * days_in_gregorian_cycle;
+    }
+    else if( orig_year < -300 ) {
+        cycles = (orig_year - 100) / 400;
+        orig_year -= cycles * 400;
+        days      += (Time64_T)cycles * days_in_gregorian_cycle;
+    }
+    TIME64_TRACE3("# timegm/ cycles: %d, days: %lld, orig_year: %lld\n", cycles, days, orig_year);
+
+    if( orig_year > 70 ) {
+        year = 70;
+        while( year < orig_year ) {
+            days += length_of_year[IS_LEAP(year)];
+            year++;
+        }
+    }
+    else if ( orig_year < 70 ) {
+        year = 69;
+        do {
+            days -= length_of_year[IS_LEAP(year)];
+            year--;
+        } while( year >= orig_year );
+    }
+
+    days += julian_days_by_month[IS_LEAP(orig_year)][date->tm_mon];
+    days += date->tm_mday - 1;
+
+    seconds = days * 60 * 60 * 24;
+
+    seconds += date->tm_hour * 60 * 60;
+    seconds += date->tm_min * 60;
+    seconds += date->tm_sec;
+
+    return(seconds);
+}
+
+
+static int check_tm(struct TM *tm)
+{
+    /* Don't forget leap seconds */
+    assert(tm->tm_sec >= 0);
+    assert(tm->tm_sec <= 61);
+
+    assert(tm->tm_min >= 0);
+    assert(tm->tm_min <= 59);
+
+    assert(tm->tm_hour >= 0);
+    assert(tm->tm_hour <= 23);
+
+    assert(tm->tm_mday >= 1);
+    assert(tm->tm_mday <= days_in_month[IS_LEAP(tm->tm_year)][tm->tm_mon]);
+
+    assert(tm->tm_mon  >= 0);
+    assert(tm->tm_mon  <= 11);
+
+    assert(tm->tm_wday >= 0);
+    assert(tm->tm_wday <= 6);
+    
+    assert(tm->tm_yday >= 0);
+    assert(tm->tm_yday <= length_of_year[IS_LEAP(tm->tm_year)]);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_TM_TM_GMTOFF
+    assert(tm->tm_gmtoff >= -24 * 60 * 60);
+    assert(tm->tm_gmtoff <=  24 * 60 * 60);
+#endif
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+/* The exceptional centuries without leap years cause the cycle to
+   shift by 16
+*/
+static Year cycle_offset(Year year)
+{
+    const Year start_year = 2000;
+    Year year_diff  = year - start_year;
+    Year exceptions;
+
+    if( year > start_year )
+        year_diff--;
+
+    exceptions  = year_diff / 100;
+    exceptions -= year_diff / 400;
+
+    TIME64_TRACE3("# year: %lld, exceptions: %lld, year_diff: %lld\n",
+          year, exceptions, year_diff);
+
+    return exceptions * 16;
+}
+
+/* For a given year after 2038, pick the latest possible matching
+   year in the 28 year calendar cycle.
+
+   A matching year...
+   1) Starts on the same day of the week.
+   2) Has the same leap year status.
+
+   This is so the calendars match up.
+
+   Also the previous year must match.  When doing Jan 1st you might
+   wind up on Dec 31st the previous year when doing a -UTC time zone.
+
+   Finally, the next year must have the same start day of week.  This
+   is for Dec 31st with a +UTC time zone.
+   It doesn't need the same leap year status since we only care about
+   January 1st.
+*/
+static int safe_year(const Year year)
+{
+    int safe_year;
+    Year year_cycle;
+
+    if( year >= MIN_SAFE_YEAR && year <= MAX_SAFE_YEAR ) {
+        return (int)year;
+    }
+
+    year_cycle = year + cycle_offset(year);
+
+    /* safe_years_low is off from safe_years_high by 8 years */
+    if( year < MIN_SAFE_YEAR )
+        year_cycle -= 8;
+
+    /* Change non-leap xx00 years to an equivalent */
+    if( is_exception_century(year) )
+        year_cycle += 11;
+
+    /* Also xx01 years, since the previous year will be wrong */
+    if( is_exception_century(year - 1) )
+        year_cycle += 17;
+
+    year_cycle %= SOLAR_CYCLE_LENGTH;
+    if( year_cycle < 0 ) 
+        year_cycle = SOLAR_CYCLE_LENGTH + year_cycle;
+
+    assert( year_cycle >= 0 );
+    assert( year_cycle < SOLAR_CYCLE_LENGTH );
+    if( year < MIN_SAFE_YEAR )
+        safe_year = safe_years_low[year_cycle];
+    else if( year > MAX_SAFE_YEAR )
+        safe_year = safe_years_high[year_cycle];
+    else
+        assert(0);
+
+    TIME64_TRACE3("# year: %lld, year_cycle: %lld, safe_year: %d\n",
+          year, year_cycle, safe_year);
+
+    assert(safe_year <= MAX_SAFE_YEAR && safe_year >= MIN_SAFE_YEAR);
+
+    return safe_year;
+}
+
+
+void copy_tm_to_TM64(const struct tm *src, struct TM *dest) {
+    if( src == NULL ) {
+        memset(dest, 0, sizeof(*dest));
+    }
+    else {
+#       ifdef USE_TM64
+            dest->tm_sec        = src->tm_sec;
+            dest->tm_min        = src->tm_min;
+            dest->tm_hour       = src->tm_hour;
+            dest->tm_mday       = src->tm_mday;
+            dest->tm_mon        = src->tm_mon;
+            dest->tm_year       = (Year)src->tm_year;
+            dest->tm_wday       = src->tm_wday;
+            dest->tm_yday       = src->tm_yday;
+            dest->tm_isdst      = src->tm_isdst;
+
+#           ifdef HAVE_TM_TM_GMTOFF
+                dest->tm_gmtoff  = src->tm_gmtoff;
+#           endif
+
+#           ifdef HAVE_TM_TM_ZONE
+                dest->tm_zone  = src->tm_zone;
+#           endif
+
+#       else
+            /* They're the same type */
+            memcpy(dest, src, sizeof(*dest));
+#       endif
+    }
+}
+
+
+void copy_TM64_to_tm(const struct TM *src, struct tm *dest) {
+    if( src == NULL ) {
+        memset(dest, 0, sizeof(*dest));
+    }
+    else {
+#       ifdef USE_TM64
+            dest->tm_sec        = src->tm_sec;
+            dest->tm_min        = src->tm_min;
+            dest->tm_hour       = src->tm_hour;
+            dest->tm_mday       = src->tm_mday;
+            dest->tm_mon        = src->tm_mon;
+            dest->tm_year       = (int)src->tm_year;
+            dest->tm_wday       = src->tm_wday;
+            dest->tm_yday       = src->tm_yday;
+            dest->tm_isdst      = src->tm_isdst;
+
+#           ifdef HAVE_TM_TM_GMTOFF
+                dest->tm_gmtoff  = src->tm_gmtoff;
+#           endif
+
+#           ifdef HAVE_TM_TM_ZONE
+                dest->tm_zone  = src->tm_zone;
+#           endif
+
+#       else
+            /* They're the same type */
+            memcpy(dest, src, sizeof(*dest));
+#       endif
+    }
+}
+
+
+#ifndef HAVE_LOCALTIME_R
+/* Simulate localtime_r() to the best of our ability */
+static struct tm * fake_localtime_r(const time_t *time, struct tm *result) {
+    const struct tm *static_result = localtime(time);
+
+    assert(result != NULL);
+
+    if( static_result == NULL ) {
+        memset(result, 0, sizeof(*result));
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    else {
+        memcpy(result, static_result, sizeof(*result));
+        return result;
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+
+#ifndef HAVE_GMTIME_R
+/* Simulate gmtime_r() to the best of our ability */
+static struct tm * fake_gmtime_r(const time_t *time, struct tm *result) {
+    const struct tm *static_result = gmtime(time);
+
+    assert(result != NULL);
+
+    if( static_result == NULL ) {
+        memset(result, 0, sizeof(*result));
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    else {
+        memcpy(result, static_result, sizeof(*result));
+        return result;
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+
+static Time64_T seconds_between_years(Year left_year, Year right_year) {
+    int increment = (left_year > right_year) ? 1 : -1;
+    Time64_T seconds = 0;
+    int cycles;
+
+    if( left_year > 2400 ) {
+        cycles = (left_year - 2400) / 400;
+        left_year -= cycles * 400;
+        seconds   += cycles * seconds_in_gregorian_cycle;
+    }
+    else if( left_year < 1600 ) {
+        cycles = (left_year - 1600) / 400;
+        left_year += cycles * 400;
+        seconds   += cycles * seconds_in_gregorian_cycle;
+    }
+
+    while( left_year != right_year ) {
+        seconds += length_of_year[IS_LEAP(right_year - 1900)] * 60 * 60 * 24;
+        right_year += increment;
+    }
+
+    return seconds * increment;
+}
+
+
+Time64_T mktime64(struct TM *input_date) {
+    struct tm safe_date;
+    struct TM date;
+    Time64_T  time;
+    Year      year = input_date->tm_year + 1900;
+
+    if( date_in_safe_range(input_date, &SYSTEM_MKTIME_MIN, &SYSTEM_MKTIME_MAX) )
+    {
+        copy_TM64_to_tm(input_date, &safe_date);
+        time = (Time64_T)mktime(&safe_date);
+
+        /* Correct the possibly out of bound input date */
+        copy_tm_to_TM64(&safe_date, input_date);
+        return time;
+    }
+
+    /* Have to make the year safe in date else it won't fit in safe_date */
+    date = *input_date;
+    date.tm_year = safe_year(year) - 1900;
+    copy_TM64_to_tm(&date, &safe_date);
+
+    time = (Time64_T)mktime(&safe_date);
+
+    /* Correct the user's possibly out of bound input date */
+    copy_tm_to_TM64(&safe_date, input_date);
+
+    time += seconds_between_years(year, (Year)(safe_date.tm_year + 1900));
+
+    return time;
+}
+
+
+/* Because I think mktime() is a crappy name */
+Time64_T timelocal64(struct TM *date) {
+    return mktime64(date);
+}
+
+
+struct TM *gmtime64_r (const Time64_T *in_time, struct TM *p)
+{
+    int v_tm_sec, v_tm_min, v_tm_hour, v_tm_mon, v_tm_wday;
+    Time64_T v_tm_tday;
+    int leap;
+    Time64_T m;
+    Time64_T time = *in_time;
+    Year year = 70;
+    int cycles = 0;
+
+    assert(p != NULL);
+
+    /* Use the system gmtime() if time_t is small enough */
+    if( SHOULD_USE_SYSTEM_GMTIME(*in_time) ) {
+        time_t safe_time = (time_t)*in_time;
+        struct tm safe_date;
+        GMTIME_R(&safe_time, &safe_date);
+
+        copy_tm_to_TM64(&safe_date, p);
+        assert(check_tm(p));
+
+        return p;
+    }
+
+#ifdef HAVE_TM_TM_GMTOFF
+    p->tm_gmtoff = 0;
+#endif
+    p->tm_isdst  = 0;
+
+#ifdef HAVE_TM_TM_ZONE
+    p->tm_zone   = (char*)"UTC";
+#endif
+
+    v_tm_sec =  (int)(time % 60);
+    time /= 60;
+    v_tm_min =  (int)(time % 60);
+    time /= 60;
+    v_tm_hour = (int)(time % 24);
+    time /= 24;
+    v_tm_tday = time;
+
+    WRAP (v_tm_sec, v_tm_min, 60);
+    WRAP (v_tm_min, v_tm_hour, 60);
+    WRAP (v_tm_hour, v_tm_tday, 24);
+
+    v_tm_wday = (int)((v_tm_tday + 4) % 7);
+    if (v_tm_wday < 0)
+        v_tm_wday += 7;
+    m = v_tm_tday;
+
+    if (m >= CHEAT_DAYS) {
+        year = CHEAT_YEARS;
+        m -= CHEAT_DAYS;
+    }
+
+    if (m >= 0) {
+        /* Gregorian cycles, this is huge optimization for distant times */
+        cycles = (int)(m / (Time64_T) days_in_gregorian_cycle);
+        if( cycles ) {
+            m -= (cycles * (Time64_T) days_in_gregorian_cycle);
+            year += (cycles * years_in_gregorian_cycle);
+        }
+
+        /* Years */
+        leap = IS_LEAP (year);
+        while (m >= (Time64_T) length_of_year[leap]) {
+            m -= (Time64_T) length_of_year[leap];
+            year++;
+            leap = IS_LEAP (year);
+        }
+
+        /* Months */
+        v_tm_mon = 0;
+        while (m >= (Time64_T) days_in_month[leap][v_tm_mon]) {
+            m -= (Time64_T) days_in_month[leap][v_tm_mon];
+            v_tm_mon++;
+        }
+    } else {
+        year--;
+
+        /* Gregorian cycles */
+        cycles = (int)((m / (Time64_T) days_in_gregorian_cycle) + 1);
+        if( cycles ) {
+            m -= (cycles * (Time64_T) days_in_gregorian_cycle);
+            year += (cycles * years_in_gregorian_cycle);
+        }
+
+        /* Years */
+        leap = IS_LEAP (year);
+        while (m < (Time64_T) -length_of_year[leap]) {
+            m += (Time64_T) length_of_year[leap];
+            year--;
+            leap = IS_LEAP (year);
+        }
+
+        /* Months */
+        v_tm_mon = 11;
+        while (m < (Time64_T) -days_in_month[leap][v_tm_mon]) {
+            m += (Time64_T) days_in_month[leap][v_tm_mon];
+            v_tm_mon--;
+        }
+        m += (Time64_T) days_in_month[leap][v_tm_mon];
+    }
+
+    p->tm_year = year;
+    if( p->tm_year != year ) {
+#ifdef EOVERFLOW
+        errno = EOVERFLOW;
+#endif
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* At this point m is less than a year so casting to an int is safe */
+    p->tm_mday = (int) m + 1;
+    p->tm_yday = julian_days_by_month[leap][v_tm_mon] + (int)m;
+    p->tm_sec  = v_tm_sec;
+    p->tm_min  = v_tm_min;
+    p->tm_hour = v_tm_hour;
+    p->tm_mon  = v_tm_mon;
+    p->tm_wday = v_tm_wday;
+    
+    assert(check_tm(p));
+
+    return p;
+}
+
+
+struct TM *localtime64_r (const Time64_T *time, struct TM *local_tm)
+{
+    time_t safe_time;
+    struct tm safe_date;
+    struct TM gm_tm;
+    Year orig_year;
+    int month_diff;
+
+    assert(local_tm != NULL);
+
+    /* Use the system localtime() if time_t is small enough */
+    if( SHOULD_USE_SYSTEM_LOCALTIME(*time) ) {
+        safe_time = (time_t)*time;
+
+        TIME64_TRACE1("Using system localtime for %lld\n", *time);
+
+        LOCALTIME_R(&safe_time, &safe_date);
+
+        copy_tm_to_TM64(&safe_date, local_tm);
+        assert(check_tm(local_tm));
+
+        return local_tm;
+    }
+
+    if( gmtime64_r(time, &gm_tm) == NULL ) {
+        TIME64_TRACE1("gmtime64_r returned null for %lld\n", *time);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    orig_year = gm_tm.tm_year;
+
+    if (gm_tm.tm_year > (2037 - 1900) ||
+        gm_tm.tm_year < (1970 - 1900)
+       )
+    {
+        TIME64_TRACE1("Mapping tm_year %lld to safe_year\n", (Year)gm_tm.tm_year);
+        gm_tm.tm_year = safe_year((Year)(gm_tm.tm_year + 1900)) - 1900;
+    }
+
+    safe_time = (time_t)timegm64(&gm_tm);
+    if( LOCALTIME_R(&safe_time, &safe_date) == NULL ) {
+        TIME64_TRACE1("localtime_r(%d) returned NULL\n", (int)safe_time);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    copy_tm_to_TM64(&safe_date, local_tm);
+
+    local_tm->tm_year = orig_year;
+    if( local_tm->tm_year != orig_year ) {
+        TIME64_TRACE2("tm_year overflow: tm_year %lld, orig_year %lld\n",
+              (Year)local_tm->tm_year, (Year)orig_year);
+
+#ifdef EOVERFLOW
+        errno = EOVERFLOW;
+#endif
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+
+    month_diff = local_tm->tm_mon - gm_tm.tm_mon;
+
+    /*  When localtime is Dec 31st previous year and
+        gmtime is Jan 1st next year.
+    */
+    if( month_diff == 11 ) {
+        local_tm->tm_year--;
+    }
+
+    /*  When localtime is Jan 1st, next year and
+        gmtime is Dec 31st, previous year.
+    */
+    if( month_diff == -11 ) {
+        local_tm->tm_year++;
+    }
+
+    /* GMT is Jan 1st, xx01 year, but localtime is still Dec 31st 
+       in a non-leap xx00.  There is one point in the cycle
+       we can't account for which the safe xx00 year is a leap
+       year.  So we need to correct for Dec 31st comming out as
+       the 366th day of the year.
+    */
+    if( !IS_LEAP(local_tm->tm_year) && local_tm->tm_yday == 365 )
+        local_tm->tm_yday--;
+
+    assert(check_tm(local_tm));
+    
+    return local_tm;
+}
+
+
+static int valid_tm_wday( const struct TM* date ) {
+    if( 0 <= date->tm_wday && date->tm_wday <= 6 )
+        return 1;
+    else
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int valid_tm_mon( const struct TM* date ) {
+    if( 0 <= date->tm_mon && date->tm_mon <= 11 )
+        return 1;
+    else
+        return 0;
+}
+
+
+char *asctime64_r( const struct TM* date, char *result ) {
+    /* I figure everything else can be displayed, even hour 25, but if
+       these are out of range we walk off the name arrays */
+    if( !valid_tm_wday(date) || !valid_tm_mon(date) )
+        return NULL;
+
+    sprintf(result, TM64_ASCTIME_FORMAT,
+        wday_name[date->tm_wday],
+        mon_name[date->tm_mon],
+        date->tm_mday, date->tm_hour,
+        date->tm_min, date->tm_sec,
+        1900 + date->tm_year);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+char *ctime64_r( const Time64_T* time, char* result ) {
+    struct TM date;
+
+    localtime64_r( time, &date );
+    return asctime64_r( &date, result );
+}
+
+
+/* Non-thread safe versions of the above */
+struct TM *localtime64(const Time64_T *time) {
+    tzset();
+    return localtime64_r(time, &Static_Return_Date);
+}
+
+struct TM *gmtime64(const Time64_T *time) {
+    return gmtime64_r(time, &Static_Return_Date);
+}
+
+char *asctime64( const struct TM* date ) {
+    return asctime64_r( date, Static_Return_String );
+}
+
+char *ctime64( const Time64_T* time ) {
+    tzset();
+    return asctime64(localtime64(time));
+}